美国坤和生殖中心李博士来上海坤和生殖中心详述：第三代试管婴儿植入前基因筛选（PGS)

our clinical genetics laboratory specializes in single-cell technologies. We gather critical information from your early embryos to help you make the best transfer decisions.

我们的临床遗传学实验室专门研究单细胞技术。我们从你的早期胚胎中收集关键信息来帮助你做出最好的转移决定。

Chromosomes & Genetics

Most cells in ihe human body possess 23 pairs of chromosomes,folaling 46 chromosomes.Chromosomes contain the genetic information that direct growth and development in the body.23,or half of the chromosomes,are inherited from the egg and the other half are inheritec from the sperm.The first 22 pairs of chromosome:are autosomes,and are the same in both males and females.The last pair of chromosomes,the sex chromosomes,determine gender.

染色体和遗传学人类身体中的大多数细胞拥有23对染色体，与46对染色体相互折叠。染色体中包含的基因信息表明，身体中的直接生长和发育是从卵子继承的，而另一半是从精子继承的。前22对染色体：是常染色体，在雄性和雌性中都是相同的。最后一对染色体，性染色体，决定性别

When extra or missing chromosomes are detected,it is called aneuploidy.Aneu ploid embryos often develop improperly.This improper developmen makes the embryos less likely to implant and more likely to miscarry.

当检测到多余或缺失的染色体时，称为非整倍体。这种发育不当使得胚胎不太可能被植入，也更有可能流产。

Most of these pregnancies miscarry by the end of the first rimester,but some chromosomally abnormal pregnancies can continue and cause disorders in babies.Down Syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21,and is the most commonly seen aneuploidy in babies,although there are other aneuploidies that can occur with more severe results.

大部分的怀孕在第一次孕期结束时流产，但是一些染色体异常的怀孕会持续并导致婴儿的紊乱。唐氏综合症是由额外的21号染色体拷贝引起的，在婴儿中是最常见的非整倍体。虽然还有其他的非整倍体可以发生更严重的结果。

Embryo Biopsy

胚胎活检

PGS testing is performed on a sample,or biopsy,taken rom an embryo.When an embryo is three to six days old,a sample is taken by an experienced and careful embryologist.Using micromanipulation techniques,the embryologist removes one to a few cells from the embryo to send for testing.This is accomplished without impacting the further development of the embryo.

pgs测试是在一个样本上进行的，或者在胚胎上进行活检。当胚胎3-6天大时，由经验丰富、细心的胚胎学家采集样本。利用微操作技术，胚胎学家从胚胎中取出一到几个细胞进行测试。这是在不影响胚胎进一步发育的情况下完成的。

Your embryologist then sends the sample to us at kunhe for PGS testing.We can determine with high confidence and accuracy whether each embryo has a normal number of chromosomes or if an aneuploidy is presest. we then provide your physician with results to help you make the best decision about which  embryols to wansfer.

然后，你的胚胎学家把样本送到坤和生殖进行pgs测试。我们可以非常有信心和准确地确定每个胚胎是否有正常数量的染色体，或者非整倍体是否存在。然后，我们会为你的医生提供结果，帮助你做出最佳的决定，决定哪些胚胎会消失。

上海试管